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An effect of natural phenomena on electrical devices
Müller, Michal ; Aubrecht, Vladimír (referee) ; Bušov, Bohuslav (advisor)
The Thesis deals with the impact of natural effects on electrical equipment. It describes the various natural effects and shows how it impacts, what it impacts on and what the source of its impact is. The main point of this Thesis is the issue of atmospheric charge (storm and lightning) and the issue of coronal mass ejection (CME). The Thesis shows causally consequences string of geomagnetical field disturbances and resultant power system impacts. There are mentioned historic storm events and power system impacts and description of events in Hydro-Quebec – the most important event. Of this species. At the end there are shows possible way of mitigation power system impacts.
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The voltage restoration in Prostějov and Zlín distribution area
Wasserbauer, Vojtěch ; Vaculík, Petr (referee) ; Toman, Petr (advisor)
The aim of this thesis is description of critical situations in the electrical grid and the consequences which can be caused by these situations. Further possibilities of voltage recovery and ways how to reach the needed voltage are described. Another part is firstly about regulation electrical system and resources which are connected to this system. Secondly there is appraisal of possibility of connection new resource into distribution system 110 kV and conditions of connection new resources. The result of the thesis is description voltage recovery and the rules which have to be kept during critical situations.
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Electricity blackout study with regard to the nuclear power plant Dukovany
Žák, Jiří ; Fejta, Libor (referee) ; Radil, Lukáš (advisor)
The entire diploma thesis analyses causes, consequences and repercussions of an electricity grid network blackout and its impact to the respective consumers. Remarkable blackouts recorded since 1965 are briefly described and basic available information is considered. The grid standard fixing measures and electricity delivery priorities are characterized. The thesis also pays attention to entire Czech Republic grid availability and its blackout endurance as well as to its robustness within last several years. Indirect Fukushima event influence to the Czech Republic electricity system is mentioned. The main part of the thesis comprises of four big European grid blackouts causes and consequences, their comparison to each other and to the Dukovany nuclear power plant grid blackout drill scenario. The preventive and standard corrective measures against blackouts are pointed out.
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The heat dissipation efficiency of the steam generator Dukovany at low water levels
Veselý, Jakub ; Šnajdárek, Ladislav (referee) ; Pospíšil, Jiří (advisor)
The goal of this thesis is to simulate the course of events during Dukovany Nuclear Power Plant blackout and to determine the optimal process of cooling down the cold branches of the primary circuit loops to secure the maximum amount of the primary fuel needed for the residual heat outlet so that the operating staff has as much time as possible for renewing the electric power supply. The first part of the thesis describes nuclear power plants built in the Czech Republic and in the world as well as reactor blocks whose construction is being considered. The detailed description of Dukovany’s steam generator is shared in chapter three. Following chapter summarizes blackouts that occurred at power plants around the world, events that might have led to blackouts in the Czech Republic, and it also describes current approach to blackout problematics at Dukovany Nuclear Power Plant. Chapters six and seven contain the core of the thesis. That includes detailed description of a mathematical model explaining the behaviour of a reactor block during blackout as well as the analysis of the results found.
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Nuclear Power Plant Dukovany Tasks within an Electricity Grid of the Czech Republic
Prokop, Ondřej ; Řež,, Martina Malá, Centrum výzkumu (referee) ; Katovský, Karel (advisor)
The aim of the Bachelor’s thesis is to describe the role of The Nuclear Power Plant Dukovany (Dukovany NPP) in the Czech electricity grid. Increasing of the production of electricity from renewable energy sources in the electricity grid causes more frequently compliance of N-1 criterion and it decrease the reliability of the electricity grid. The risk of Blackout increases, which would cause large economic losses and danger to the life of human beings. Therefore, reliable, good controllable and safety sources of electricity are very important. The first part of the thesis describes the role of Dukovany NPP in the process of regulation of basic electrical parameters during the normal operation of electricity grid. The second part of the thesis deals with states and the function of Dukovany NPP after full or partial disintegration of the electricity grid. Final part analyzes the importance of Dukovany NPP in Czech electricity grid and future development Dukovany NPP with possibility of the construction of new nuclear units after the end of the operation in 2035. The Dukovany NPP is an important regulator of the reactive power. There isn’t other power plant in the southeastern part of the Czech Republic, which could significantly control reactive power. The power from Dukovany NPP, which is provided on ancillary services controlling the real power and frequency has been increasing in recent years. This is due to the increasing production of renewable sources. Units switch to island operation after partial disintegration of electricity grid. If frequency exceeds the limit, the units will switch to it is own consumption. In this stage of operation at own consumption can Dukovany NPP operated without the time limit. Dukovany NPP may participate in restoring the electricity grid, based on dispatch control instruct. If switching to own consumption is not successful and back up sources and emergency’s dieselgenerator are unavailable, the power supply has to be restored as soon as possible. There are six independent solutions to restore the power supply. Next option of restore power supply will be the AAC network after the completion of construction in 2014. The AAC network will be resistant to the extreme weather and will be place it in the area of the power station, thereby Dukovany NPP will be more independent on external network.
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Power outage simulator
Sýkora, Dušan ; Lieskovan, Tomáš (referee) ; Kohout, David (advisor)
This thesis is concerned with building a smart gadget that is able to simulate blackouts. This simulator is able to interrupt or limit supply of 230 V electricity from a power grid to the tested appliance for adjustable duration and with adjustable frequency. The gadget is controllable remotely via a web interface. For that purpose, components have been selected and a program written for a microcontroller. Finally, functionality has been verified on multiple appliances.
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The preparedness of medical operation center of medical rescue service as a subject of critical infrastructure for electric power failure in selected regions
VAŠTOVÁ, Simona
This thesis deals and discusses about the preparedness of the medical operations centre of the medical rescue service in selected regions, which include the Pilsen Region and the South Bohemia Region, for an electrical outage. The theoretical part describes the medical emergency service, the system of its provision of pre-hospital emergency care and with a focus on the medical operations centre, critical infrastructure, including the critical infrastructure and crisis preparedness entity, and an integral part is the electricity and power outage. The research part is made by a form of controlled interviews with specialist medical emergency services who deal with the issue. Based on the data obtained from the interviews, the SWOT analysis is performed and the results are subsequently interpreted. Research has shown how prepared individual health operations centres are for power outage, and in which areas they have deficiencies. Among the pros are a higher number of self-built diesel aggregates used to deal with power cuts, as well as the delivery of diesel aggregate from the fire brigade of the region. Based on the data identified and the SWOT analysis performed, a procedure is chosen to improve the preparedness for an electrical outage and to eliminate or mitigate weaknesses and, where appropriate, eliminate certain threats. The outcome of the discussion is the presentation of shortcomings and a proposal for possible improvements that would help to improve the readiness of health operations centres. These proposals will be presented to the experts concerned.
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The Potential of Cyber Threats in the Critical Energy Infrastructure
Starý, Jan ; Schmidt, Nikola (advisor) ; Karásek, Tomáš (referee)
Diploma thesis analyses the potential of Cyber Threats towards critical energy infrastructure in terms of network theories originating in graph theories, complex networks and technological possibilities how to compromise security of networks belonging to critical infrastructure. By the analysis of defined dependent and independent variables the author finds out how networks behave under which circumstances, what means exist in the field of network security and if adopted measures to increase security are in accordance with the effort of creation safe and decentralized system of critical energy infrastructure. Main emphasis is put on the concept of smart grids as possible solution of decentralization. In these terms technical means of security are studied especially with emphasis on SCADA (Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition) systems and the Internet as one of the essential component of communication in modern communication technologies.
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The preparedness of Hospital Strakonice to critical infrastructure failure
VODVÁŘKA, Martin
The failure of critical infrastructure is one of the most serious threats, especially in health care. Hospitals and health care facilities play an irreplaceable role, so it is essential to maintain the capacity and responsiveness of the health care facility as a whole during the blackout period. In energy, which is one of the areas of critical infrastructure, power outages can occur at any time, so the hospital should be unconditionally prepared for this crisis situation and the resulting impacts. The theoretical part defines the basic concepts in the health care system located in crisis preparedness and crisis planning, as well as necessary documentation and electrical regulations. The following chapter deals with the critical infrastructure from the perspective of national and international legislative documents and links to the means for its protection. The last part explains the principle of the electricity system of the Czech Republic and describes the production, transmission and distribution of electricity. The topic of Blackout outlines the issue of domestic and foreign cases. The practical part introduces the environment of the Hospital Strakonice, a.s., further describes the available alternative sources of electric energy and legislative standards of the company, on the principles of which it respects crisis preparedness. Three specific cases explain how critical infrastructure failures can be addressed, prevent unwanted situations, respond to problems promptly, and take remedial action. For elaboration of my diploma thesis I used basic scientific procedures which are observation, consultation, analysis and comparison. The aim of the thesis was to map the readiness of the health and non-health part of the hospital to the impact of the failure of critical infrastructure, which could be described as satisfactory. The findings will be forwarded to the Chairman of the Board of Directors and the Crisis Management Department of the Strakonice Hospital, a.s. to assess the possible consequences and effective preparedness for critical infrastructure failures. The results can be used as study material.
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Approach to secure the population knowledge of power outages in chosen states
STANĚK, Jakub
Today's globalized world is much more vulnerable than we are often willing to admit. We live in a society which is considerably dependent on a stable supply of electricity. Potential large power outage also called blackout may be a very dangerous situation for our community. Usually we don't realize all consequences there can be for our everyday life, people's health, the security and the economy of the country. Despite the efforts of the responsible authorities, the complications for the population can be very serious. The effects of such unfortunate event can be reduced in a variety of ways. An option is to support an informed society that can take care of itself in times of crisis. This text is focused on the current approach to raising and maintaining awareness of the people for masive power outage not only in the Czech Republic. The aim of the thesis is to compare the information environment of the Czech Republic with the situation in neighboring Germany. It is important to keep on mind that many important systems serving under normal conditions to inform the population will not work when such an event occurs. It can be necessary to proceed with alternative solutions and communication channels. In the education context, it's realisic to inform the majority of the population only about the most important measures and appropriate patterns of blackout behavior. With the restoration of energy supplies, the task of informing the population doesn't end. By selecting key information, this work could contribute to the society.
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